Title: Role of supernovae in galaxy formation

Speaker: Dr. Kartick Sarkar, Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem

Abstract: Energy produced by supernovae play a major role in dictating the evolution of galaxies. The produced energy is directly responsible for heating the star-forming gas in the interstellar medium or stopping the gas to reach the galaxy, thus suppressing overall star formation. While an independent supernova affects only a small region, a well-correlated set of supernovae can cause a large-scale outflow of gas from the galaxy. The interaction between the produced energy and the interstellar medium is often mediated by such individual supernovae bubbles and outflows in galaxies. In the talk, I will discuss how the energy from supernovae affects galaxy formation and helps the galaxy maintain itself in a star-formation equilibrium. I will also discuss current challenges in estimating the effect of large-scale gaseous outflows and how one can overcome them. A very good example of such an outflow exists in our Galaxy, known as the Fermi Bubbles. These bubbles represent gaseous outflow from the center of our Galaxy and are visible in radio, x-ray, and gamma-ray observations. I will shed light on how supernovae may have created such bubbles and their long-term implications for our Galaxy.